Mary Tsukamoto: The teacher who spent WWII in a US internment camp

Mary Tsukamoto

Japanese American teacher Mary Tsukamoto was incarcerated in a US internment camp during World War II. Photo credit: Mary Tsukamoto Elementary School

At the start of World War II, Mary Tsukamoto was living a quiet life as the wife of a strawberry farmer in a diminuitive Japanese-American community in Florin, Northern California. Then Pearl Harbor was attacked by the Empire of Japan on December 7, 1941. That event, “a day that will live in infamy,” suddenly turned Mary’s quiet life upside-down.

Mary was one of 120,000 other persons of Japanese descent living on the West Coast. Most of them were American citizens. Mary and the many others in the Japanese American community were forced into a relocation camp by the US government because their loyalty to our country was questioned. Evicted from their home, Mary, her husband, their five-year-old daughter, her elderly in-laws, her teenaged brother and sisters, and other members of her family wound up in a camp in Jerome, Arkansas. There they were incarcerated until authorities were convinced this family of farmers posed no threat to national security.

While detained in the camp, Mary became part of a prisoner-organized effort to provide meaningful educational opportunities for the imprisoned children. Mary taught speech courses for the high school students and English language classes for the elderly. Once she was released from the camp and the war was over, Mary enrolled in college. She completed her degree and became an elementary schoolteacher. In fact, she was one of the first certificated Japanese American teachers in the United States.

This intrepid teacher’s remarkable story is told in her autobiography, We the People, a volume which unfortunately is now out of print. However, with some effort, it can be found through second-hand book sellers or in some libraries (check WorldCat), and it is well worth the hunt. You can read also read her story in my first book, Chalkboard Champions, available through amazon.com.

The very plucky Chalkboard Champion of Arizona, Eulalia Bourne

I love to share stories about plucky teachers, and in the short You Tube video below I share some information about a really plucky teacher from the American Southwest: Eulalia Bourne. I wrote about her in my first book, Chalkboard Champions.

This daring educator, whose career spanned more than four decades, taught elementary school in rural areas, mining camps, and Indian reservations throughout Arizona during some of our country’s most challenging periods: World War I, the Depression, and World War II. This women’s libber was ahead of her time, becoming one of the very few women in her day to own and run her own cattle ranch.

Watch the video below to learn more about this amazing Chalkboard Champion.

PE teacher and coach Mamie Redman once played women’s pro baseball

Magdalen “Mamie” Redman, who played for the All American Girls Professional Baseball League, taught mathematics and physical education and coached a variety of sports after retiring from the League. Photo Credit: All American Girls Professional Baseball League

Many times excellent physical education educators were established athletes in their own right. One of these was Magdalen “Mamie” Redman, a math and PE teacher and coach who also played in the All American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) during World War II.

Mamie was born on July 2, 1980, in Waupin, Wisconsin. When she was young, girls were not allowed to participate in Little League Baseball, so Mamie was confined to playing sandlot ball with her neighborhood friends. By the time she was 17, though, she was able to join an organized softball team in Oconomowoc, about 17 miles away from her home town. It was while she was playing there that her talent was spotted by an AAGPBL scout.

After signing with the AAGPBL, Mamie travelled to Opa-locka, Florida, for spring training in 1948, and then she was assigned to the Kenosha Comets. At 5’5″, 150 lbs., Mamie served as the team’s catcher and third baseman. She played for the Comets from 1948 to 1950, and then transferred to the Grand Rapids Chicks, where she played from 1950 to 1954. While playing there, she helped her team win the Championship Series in 1953. In all, Mamie played seven years in the AAGBL. Once the League was disbanded in 1955, Mamie was recruited to play for a national touring team known as the All American All Stars, a team comprised of women players who toured the country competing against male teams.

After she retired from baseball, Mamie earned her Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics, with minors in Physical Education and Biology, from the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh. For the next 37 years, she taught mathematics and physical education and coached a variety of high school sports at Valdez, Mukwonago, and Oconomowoc High Schools.

To commemorate her impressive career as an athlete, Mamie’s story became part of the Women in Baseball exhibit at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York. She was also inducted into the Grand Rapids Sports Hall of Fame, the Wall of Honor at Miller Park in Milwaukee, and the Waupun High School Hall of Fame. In addition, the 1992 film A League of Their Own shared the story of the All American Girls Professional Baseball League to generations of baseball fans.

In her final years, Mamie Redman lived in Oconomowoc. She passed away on Aug. 22, 2020, at the age of 90.

 

Experiencing the music of Warsaw’s Chopin

Author Terry Lee Marzell and her husband Hal visited Royal Lazienki Park in Warsaw, {plans, where a monument has been erected to honor the brilliant composer Frederik Chopin. Photo credit: Terry Lee Marzell

Summer is prime time for teachers—and students—to incorporate travel into their vacation plans. Many people, both young and mature, know that travel, in addition to being fun and intellectually stimulating, is one of the most meaningful learning opportunities available. That’s why last month, my husband Hal and I planned a tour of the countries of Eastern Europe.

While my husband Hal and I were touring Warsaw in Poland, we were offered an optional excursion to attend a piano recital of selected works by celebrated composer Frederic Chopin. To be honest, neither Hal nor I are big classical music fans, but as we told each other, how could we go to the city that loves her native son so devotedly and not sample the good man’s music?

Earlier in the day, our tour group visited Royal Lazienki Park where a monument has been erected to honor the brilliant composer. There Chopin is depicted sitting beneath a windswept weeping willow, his eyes closed and his hand extended, as if he were playing an invisible piano. The pose is said to symbolize his connection to nature.

The statue was originally erected in 1926, but when the German Army rolled in to occupy Warsaw in 1940, the monument was blown up. A local legend says that the next day a handwritten placard was found among the rubble bearing the message, “I don’t know who destroyed me, but I know why: So that I won’t play the funeral march for your leader.” Fortunately, a cast of the original statue had been made, so when WWII was over, a duplicate was constructed and erected in 1946. Today, the memorial is graced by a placid reflecting pool, impeccably manicured lawns, and a field of profusely flowering rose bushes. The scene was lovely.

And also educational. Our local tour guide led us to a park bench and pressed a button embedded in the bench. “Well, there’s something you don’t see every day,” I commented to Hal in an aside. Yolante explained that in Warsaw, there are fifteen of these Chopin Benches located at various sites that were significant to the composer’s life, each featuring a button that when pressed plays a short excerpt of his music. Each bench plays a different Chopin composition.

Yolante told us that Chopin, who’d been sickly all his life, passed away in Paris, in 1849. He was only 39 years old. He is buried in Pere Lachaise Cemetery. Hal and I remember stumbling upon his grave there when we visited France in 2015. On a macabre note, per his deathbed request, after Chopin’s passing, his heart was removed by his doctor, preserved in alcohol, and returned to Poland in 1850, where today it is enshrined in Warsaw’s Holy Cross Church.

On the night of the concert, we made our way to Warsaw’s Fryderyk Concert Hall. This elegant space was comparatively small, with chairs for only about 100 people. We were fortunate enough to be seated in the front row.

Our pianist for the evening was a well-known Polish chamber musician, recording artist, and music educator. He’s played at festivals and concerts all over Europe, and he’s a regular guest of the National Philharmonic Orchestra in Warsaw.

The audience was filled with anticipation as the pianist entered the concert hall and took his seat at the Steinway. For about an hour he regaled us with skillful renditions of Chopin’s compositions. The composer’s work is well-known for being technically complex—very difficult to master—and for evoking strong emotional responses with his music. Neither Hal nor I are Chopin experts, but we agreed that the pianist appeared to perform the pieces with great technical skill—I had a close, clear view of the keyboard and watched with awe at the speed and dexterity with which his hands dashed across the keys. When the recital was concluded, we came away feeling it was certainly worth the effort and expense.

Certainly it may be very rare that a public school music educator in the United States would be able to escort his or her students to Warsaw to explore Chopin’s memorial and attend a concert there, but it might be possible to attend a recital in your home town. Why not see if you can provide such an excursion for the young people in your classroom?

Terry Lee Marzell shares her experience touring German Parliament

Author Terry Lee Marzell appears in front of the Bundestag, the German Parliament Building, located in Berlin. Photo credit: Hal Marzell

Many educators agree that travel, in addition to being fun and intellectually stimulating, is one of the most meaningful learning opportunities available. That’s one of the reasons why last month, my husband Hal and I enjoyed our tour of several countries in Eastern Europe, including Germany.

While in Berlin, we were able to visit the Bundestag, which is the official name of the Parliament of Germany. A tour of a parliament building in a foreign country offers students unique opportunities to compare and contrast governmental processes with those of our own country. This is especially valuable for young people who are considering a future career in law or government. Furthermore, these visits are interesting to those who are interested in history.

Hal Marzell examines plenary chamber of the German Parliament building in Berlin, Germany. Photo credit: Terry Lee Marzell

Of the many parliament buildings Hal and I have toured all over the world, the Bundestag is particularly interesting. I was intrigued by the architecture, which features the blending of a modern design fitted inside a historical structure. This blend signifies both Germany’s tumultuous past and the democracy of the present day. The exterior of the building, built between 1884 and 1894, was constructed in a solid Neo-Classical style. The old-fashioned style pays homage to the building’s historical origins. The modern features, fitted inside these original walls. consist of a glass structure which provides a light and airy feel to the interior space, not to mention plenty of natural light. The interior decor of the plenary chamber accentuates this atmosphere with light, neutral colors for wall and carpet materials and cool blue upholstered furniture pieces. I also particularly appreciated the contemporary metal sculpture of Germany’s Federal Eagle erected at the front of the chamber.

Author Terry Lee Marzell examines the mirrored column that supports the glass dome which crowns the Bundestag building.in Berlin, Germany. Photo credit: Hal Marzell

The entire edifice is crowned with a gigantic glass dome that allows for sky-high panoramic views of the entire city. This dome is supported by a mirrored tornado-shaped column that once again suggests Germany’s tumultuous past. The ring around the base of the support column allows for viewing into the plenary chamber situated below. The dome allows for a clear view both outside of and inside of the structure. Thus, the dome symbolizes the present-day goal of transparency and openness in Germany’s government.

We all know it is difficult to organize a field trip for your class to visit important sites overseas, no matter how valuable such a trip would be. But your students could learn more about this unique building online by examining the online site here. Happy travels, whether in person or virtual.